(NEXSTAR) — The IRS says an estimated $1 billion in tax refunds from the 2021 tax year may become the property of the U.S. Treasury if Americans don’t take action soon.

The refunds belong to the over 1.1 million Americans who did not file their Form 1040 Federal Income Tax Return for the 2021 tax year (meaning the taxes filed in April 2022).

How much is the average tax refund?

According to the IRS, the median tax refund is $781, not including any applicable credits. However, in some states, the IRS shows the median potential refund is even higher.

In Pennsylvania, Massachusetts and Rhode Island, median refunds could exceed $900.

The searchable table below shows how many people per state have yet to file their federal income tax return for the 2021 tax year, as well as the median potential refund for each state.

Because Americans typically have three years to file and claim tax refunds, the deadline to claim these payments is April 15, 2025. The only way to make your claim is by filing your tax year 2021 return.

Earned Income Tax Credit

Failing to claim your refund could also leave you without the Earned Income Tax Credit you qualified for in 2021. The IRS reports that, at the time, the thresholds for the EITC were: 

• $51,464 ($57,414 if married filing jointly) for those with three or more qualifying children
• $47,915 ($53,865 if married filing jointly) for people with two qualifying children
• $42,158 ($48,108 if married filing jointly) for those with one qualifying child
• $21,430 ($27,380 if married filing jointly) for people without qualifying children

The EITC was worth as much as $6,728 for the 2021 tax year. 

Even if you apply for your 2021 tax refund before the April 15 deadline, it may be withheld if you have not yet filed tax returns for the 2022 and 2023 tax years, the IRS warns. If you owe the IRS or a state tax agency or have unpaid child support or other federal debts (like student loans), your refund will be applied to them first. 

Collect any 2021 tax documents before filing

The IRS recommends collecting any 2021 tax documents — Forms W-2, 1099 or 5498, for example — before filing your federal tax return. You can access tax records and transcripts using the IRS’s Individual Online Account or request a tax return or account transcript through the mail using the Get Transcript by Mail tool. More details can be found on the IRS’s website.

The deadline to file your 2024 taxes is April 15 this year.